Vol. 2026 No. 1 (2026): ETS Research Report Series

Published: 2026-01-27

Reports

  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. TOEFL-R-109 / RR-26-06, Second Language Writing Processes in the TOEFL iBT® Test: Examining the Write for an Academic Discussion Task Using Eye-Tracking, Keystroke Logging, and Stimulated Recall

    Second Language Writing Processes in the TOEFL iBT® Test: Examining the Write for an Academic Discussion Task Using Eye-Tracking, Keystroke Logging, and Stimulated Recall

    Ching-Ni Hsieh, Renka Ohta (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/tk1sd682
  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. TOEFL-RR-108

    The Relationship Between the TOEFL iBT® Test and Academic Writing Practices in English-Medium Universities in South Asia: Case Studies From Bangladesh, India, and Nepal TOEFL Research Series

    Anthony Green, Saraswati Dawadi, Agnes Kukulska-Hulme, Ram Ashish Giri, Rubina Khan, Santosh Mahapatra (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/3ng15y64
  • Cover for ETS Research Report No. RR-26-04, TOEIC Link Assessments Technical Manual

    TOEIC® Link™ Assessments Technical Manual

    Jaime Cid, Jonathan Schmidgall, Elizabeth Park (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/7e2pzg04
  • Cover for ETS Research Report No. RR-26-03 Beyond Score Correlations

    Beyond Score Correlations: A Content Comparison of IELTS Academic and TOEFL iBT® Tests in the Context of a Score Concordance Study

    Sara T. Cushing (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/qercg225
  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. RR-26-02, Toward an Automatic Method for Generating Topical Vocabulary Test Forms for Specific Reading Passages

    Toward an Automatic Method for Generating Topical Vocabulary Test Forms for Specific Reading Passages

    Michael Flor, Zuowei Wang, Paul Deane, Tenaha O'Reilly (Author)
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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/kb8bf328
  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. RR-26-01, Keep Calm and Carry On: A Conceptual Framework for Perseverance

    Keep Calm and Carry On: A Conceptual Framework for Perseverance

    Kevin M. Williams, Guangming Ling, Jose Sotelo, Wyman Brantley, Yuan Wang, Devon Kinsey (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/5qd2rx29

Memorandum

  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. RR-26-01, A Preliminary Research and Evaluation Agenda for Personalized Assessment in the Service of Equity

    A Preliminary Research and Evaluation Agenda for Personalized Assessment in the Service of Equity

    Randy E. Bennett, Jesse R. Sparks, Burcu Arslan, Blair Lehman, Sandip Sinharay, Diego Zapata-Rivera (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/wjv5e895
  • Cover of ETS Research Memorandum Series No. RM–26-02, AutoSSD: A System for Automated Detection of Similar Speech Responses in Language Tests

    AutoSSD: A System for Automated Detection of Similar Speech Responses in Language Tests

    Michael Fauss, Jiangang Hao, Chen Li, Molly Palmer, Ikkyu Choi (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/1g0whg02
  • Cover of ETS Research Memorandum Series No. RM-26-03, Alignment of the TOEIC Bridge® Tests With the Educational Functioning Level Descriptors for English as a Second Language

    Alignment of the TOEIC Bridge® Tests With the Educational Functioning Level Descriptors for English as a Second Language

    Mikyung Kim Wolf, Renka Ohta (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/1n934x31
  • Cover of ETS Research Report Series No. RR-26-05, An Approach for Personalizing Accommodations in Digital Content Assessments for Multilingual Learners

    An Approach for Personalizing Accommodations in Digital Content Assessments for Multilingual Learners

    Alexis López, Lin Gu, Diego Zapata-Rivera (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/and9sy26
  • Cover of ETS Research Memorandum Series No. RM-26-04, Mapping TOEIC® Link™ Scores to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

    Mapping TOEIC® Link™ Scores to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages

    Kathryn Hille, Jonathan Schmidgall, Saerhim Oh, Renka Ohta (Author)
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.64634/4amdns26